Thymosin Alpha-1
The Immune System Modulator
Molecular Data
- Formula
- C129H215N33O55
- Molecular Weight
- 3108.29 g/mol
01
Overview
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a 28-amino-acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue. It is one of the most studied immunomodulatory peptides with an established pharmacological record. Research focuses on its ability to enhance immune responses in immunocompromised states and modulate chronic inflammatory conditions.
02
Mechanism of Action
Tα1 acts on toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-9) to stimulate maturation of dendritic cells and drives differentiation of naive T-cells toward Th1 phenotype. It increases production of interferon-γ and IL-2 while reducing Th2-associated cytokines.
03
Research Highlights
Approved as Zadaxin® in multiple countries for hepatitis B and C treatment
Research demonstrates enhanced immune reconstitution in immunocompromised models
Antifungal and antiviral studies support broad immunostimulatory activity
04
Dosage
Administration & Timing
Subcutaneous (SC) injection into abdominal or gluteal subcutaneous tissue, typically 1–2× weekly in immunomodulation research. Independent of food timing.
Dosage Guidelines
Cycle Length
4–12 weeks depending on indication; chronic protocols extend to 6 months.
05
Reconstitution
Solvent
Bacteriostatic Water (0.9% benzyl alcohol)
Volume
1 mL added to a 5 mg vial
Concentration
5 mg/mL (5,000 mcg/mL)
Storage
Refrigerate at 2–8 °C; protect from light. Discard 30 days after reconstitution.
Notes
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Zadaxin® in approved markets) is administered immediately after reconstitution when feasible. A 900 mcg dose equals 18 units on a U-100 syringe.
Research Reference Only
Dosage and reconstitution values reflect commonly cited ranges from published research literature and are presented for educational and research reference only. This is not medical advice or a dosing recommendation. HEXAGEN does not endorse human use of any compound. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Research Disclaimer
Thymosin Alpha-1 is for educational and research purposes only. Not intended as medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions.
Related Compounds
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Thymosin Alpha-1 — Common Research Questions
What is Thymosin Alpha-1?
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a 28-amino-acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue. It is one of the most studied immunomodulatory peptides with an established pharmacological record. Research f... Thymosin Alpha-1 belongs to the Healing research category and is studied for its the immune system modulator.
How does Thymosin Alpha-1 work?
Tα1 acts on toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-9) to stimulate maturation of dendritic cells and drives differentiation of naive T-cells toward Th1 phenotype. It increases production of interferon-γ and IL-2 while reducing Th2-associated cytokines.
What are the key research benefits of Thymosin Alpha-1?
T-cell maturation and activation enhancement. NK cell and dendritic cell stimulation. Antiviral immune response augmentation. Reduction of immune suppression markers. Regulatory T-cell modulation. Enhanced response to vaccination in research models.
What is the molecular structure of Thymosin Alpha-1?
Thymosin Alpha-1 has the molecular formula C129H215N33O55 and a molecular weight of 3108.29 g/mol. This structural information is important for researchers studying receptor binding and pharmacokinetics.
What does the research say about Thymosin Alpha-1?
Approved as Zadaxin® in multiple countries for hepatitis B and C treatment Research demonstrates enhanced immune reconstitution in immunocompromised models Antifungal and antiviral studies support broad immunostimulatory activity These findings are based on preclinical and clinical research. Thymosin Alpha-1 is a research compound and these studies do not constitute medical advice.
Is Thymosin Alpha-1 FDA approved?
Thymosin Alpha-1 is approved as Zadaxin® in multiple countries for hepatitis B and C treatment. It is not FDA-approved in the United States.
What category does Thymosin Alpha-1 belong to?
Thymosin Alpha-1 belongs to the Healing category, which focuses on research-grade peptides studied for their regenerative and healing properties, supporting tissue repair, inflammation modulation, and systemic recovery. You can explore more compounds in this category on the Healing pillar page.
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Scientific References
King & Jayaweera — "Thymosin Alpha-1: A Peptide Immune Modulator" (Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 2018)
Romani et al. — T-cell maturation and dendritic cell activation, Int J Immunopharmacol, 2020
Zadaxin clinical data — Hepatitis B/C approval studies
Approved as Zadaxin® in multiple countries for hepatitis B and C treatment
Research demonstrates enhanced immune reconstitution in immunocompromised models
Antifungal and antiviral studies support broad immunostimulatory activity