Cardarine
GW-501516 — PPARδ Agonist and Metabolic Modulator
01
Overview
Cardarine (GW-501516, GW1516) is a PPARδ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) agonist originally developed jointly by GlaxoSmithKline and Ligand Pharmaceuticals. It was investigated for dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. Research demonstrates powerful effects on fatty acid oxidation, endurance, and lipid profiles.
02
Mechanism of Action
GW-501516 activates PPARδ, a nuclear receptor that regulates genes controlling fatty acid catabolism. This shifts skeletal muscle fiber composition toward slow-twitch oxidative fibers, dramatically increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation. It also activates ABCA1 transporter expression, elevating HDL.
03
Research Highlights
GSK Phase I/II trials demonstrate significant improvement in cardiometabolic risk markers
Endurance studies in mice show up to 70% increase in running distance
Muscle fiber analysis confirms fast-to-slow twitch transformation with chronic administration
04
Dosage
Administration & Timing
Oral administration (capsule or solution), once daily. Research protocols administer in the morning or pre-exercise.
Dosage Guidelines
Cycle Length
4–8 weeks; chronic research capped due to preclinical carcinogenicity findings.
05
Reconstitution
Solvent
Not applicable — orally dosed capsule or solution
Volume
N/A
Concentration
10–20 mg per unit dose
Storage
Store at room temperature (15–25 °C); protect from moisture.
Notes
Cardarine (GW501516) is a PPARδ agonist, not a SARM. Clinical development halted after long-term carcinogenicity findings in rodents.
Research Reference Only
Dosage and reconstitution values reflect commonly cited ranges from published research literature and are presented for educational and research reference only. This is not medical advice or a dosing recommendation. HEXAGEN does not endorse human use of any compound. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Research Disclaimer
Cardarine is for educational and research purposes only. Not intended as medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions.
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Cardarine — Common Research Questions
What is Cardarine?
Cardarine (GW-501516, GW1516) is a PPARδ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) agonist originally developed jointly by GlaxoSmithKline and Ligand Pharmaceuticals. It was investigated for ... Cardarine belongs to the Non-Peptide Research research category and is studied for its gw-501516 — pparδ agonist and metabolic modulator.
How does Cardarine work?
GW-501516 activates PPARδ, a nuclear receptor that regulates genes controlling fatty acid catabolism. This shifts skeletal muscle fiber composition toward slow-twitch oxidative fibers, dramatically increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation. It also activates ABCA1 transporter expression, elevating HDL.
What are the key research benefits of Cardarine?
Dramatic increase in fatty acid oxidation. Endurance and aerobic capacity enhancement. HDL elevation and LDL reduction. Insulin sensitivity improvement. Anti-inflammatory effects via PPARδ. Skeletal muscle fiber type switching toward oxidative.
What is the molecular structure of Cardarine?
Cardarine is a research compound in the Non-Peptide Research category. Detailed molecular structure data is being compiled. Refer to primary literature for structural analysis.
What does the research say about Cardarine?
GSK Phase I/II trials demonstrate significant improvement in cardiometabolic risk markers Endurance studies in mice show up to 70% increase in running distance Muscle fiber analysis confirms fast-to-slow twitch transformation with chronic administration These findings are based on preclinical and clinical research. Cardarine is a research compound and these studies do not constitute medical advice.
Is Cardarine FDA approved?
No. Cardarine is not FDA-approved for any indication. It is a research chemical studied in preclinical and early clinical research. These compounds are not approved for human therapeutic use and should only be studied in appropriate research settings.
What category does Cardarine belong to?
Cardarine belongs to the Non-Peptide Research category, which focuses on selective androgen receptor modulators and other novel research compounds studied for their unique pharmacological profiles. You can explore more compounds in this category on the Non-Peptide Research pillar page.
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Scientific References
Narkar et al. — "GW501516: PPARδ and exercise mimetic" (Cell Metab, 2008)
GSK Phase I/II cardiometabolic risk marker data
GSK Phase I/II trials demonstrate significant improvement in cardiometabolic risk markers
Endurance studies in mice show up to 70% increase in running distance
Muscle fiber analysis confirms fast-to-slow twitch transformation with chronic administration