Endocrinology
IGF-1
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) is a hormone produced primarily in the liver in response to growth hormone, mediating many of GH's anabolic effects.
Detailed Explanation
IGF-1 signals through the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), activating the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways. It promotes cell growth, protein synthesis, and tissue maintenance. IGF-1 LR3 is a modified analogue with reduced binding protein affinity for extended bioavailability. GH secretagogues elevate IGF-1 as a downstream effect.